Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization is an ideological system that integrates scientificity, integrality and logicality. It is of great significance to thoroughly understand and comprehensively grasp the theoretical system of Xi's thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era by promoting the rational study on this ideological system and revealing its structural system and development mode. Xi's thought on ecological civilization contains a complete and rigorous academic and rational structure of "origin-principle-theory". "Affinity to the people" is the "origin" of Xi's thought, and around people's dominant position, a number of "principles" for promoting the construction of ecological civilization have been clarified; a system of "theories" has been constructed on the basis of the "origin" and "principles". In the light of the development of the times, it has become a powerful strength to guide the ecological construction with Xi's thought on ecological civilization for improving Chinese mode to modernization and creating a new form of human civilization.