With the increasing attention paid to county town urbanization, exploring scientific methods to measure its development is of great practical significance for the formulation of specific policies on county urbanization and rural revitalization. This paper firstly defines the concept of county urbanization, and then constructs a multi-level evaluation index system to conduct a comprehensive evaluation by using data from various provinces and cities over the years. Basically, it analyzes the spatio-temporal evolution pattern of county urbanization in China. The results show ( 1 ) that in the past decade , the development level of China's county urbanization has continued to improve , but the overall level is still relatively low , and there is still great room for improvement , especially in three dimensions : economic urbanization , social urbanization and land urbanization ; ( 2 ) that there is preferable continuity in the upward trajectory of the urbanization in all provinces , autonomous regions and municipalities , in which the advantages of better developed regions on average are mainly reflected in two dimensions : economic urbanization and population urbanization ; ( 3 ) and that Chinese counties' urbanization has formed a relatively stable spatial aggregation pattern, with higher concentration in eastern China and lower concentration in western China. Finally, some countermeasures are further proposed to improve the overall development of Chinese counties' urbanization and promote its spatial structure optimization, so as to help promote county urbanization and rural revitalization.