Based on the analysis of historical experience and the elaboration of its innovative concepts under a new whole national system， philosophical reflections have been carried out to grasp the national intervention in technological breakthrough from top?level design and overall optimization， to analyse its systematic thinking from system integration and system coordination， to gain insights into its dialectical wisdom from introduction and absorption as well as independent innovation， and to understand its epistemology from goal establishment and cognitive loop closure. As a result， such practical paths to launch core technologies research under a new type of whole national system have been proposed as giving full play to the systematic top?level design and strategic guidance of the Party and the government， strengthening the institutionalized ecological construction of key core technologies， striking a balance between an active government and an effective market， forming an efficient management and coordination mechanism， and encouraging openness to the outside world and international cooperation.